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Sex Education
September 2020

Classroom implementation of national sexuality education curricula in four low- and middle-income countries

Sarah Keogh
Ellie Leong,Guttmacher Institute
Angélica Motta,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Estelle M. Sidze,African Population and Health Research Center
Ana Silvia Monzón,Facultad Latinoamericana Di Ciencias Sociales
Joshua Amo-Adjei,University of Cape Coast (UCC)
The time is now. Will you stand up for reproductive health and rights?
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First published online: September 20, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2020.1821180

Abstract

School-based comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) can help adolescents acquire crucial knowledge and skills to achieve their full potential, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with higher rates of negative sexual and reproductive outcomes. While many low- and middle-income countries have developed CSE curricula, little is known about how these are implemented in the classroom. This multi-country mixed-methods study analysed challenges to the implementation of national CSE curricula in schools in Ghana, Kenya, Peru and Guatemala, based on surveys of secondary school principals, teachers and students aged 15–17 years, and in-depth interviews with central and local government, NGOs and youth organisations. In all four countries, inadequate teacher training remained a major hurdle to effective implementation, manifesting in teacher discomfort and inaccurate messaging. This was compounded by a lack of comprehensive teaching resources. CSE classes were focused mainly on biology at the expense of contraception, gender and rights, despite students’ desire for greater coverage of these topics. Teaching methods lacked interactive activities necessary to develop skills and values. Findings offer useful lessons to improve school-level implementation in these and other countries facing similar challenges. Increasing teacher training and distributing comprehensive CSE materials responsive to adolescents’ needs remain priorities in all countries.

Full article available in Sex Education
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Resource

International Teens: Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Research Article

Measuring the quality of sexuality education implementation at the school level in low- and middle-income countries

Sex Education

Topic

Global

  • Teens: Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Geography

  • Global
  • Africa: Ghana, Kenya
  • Latin America & the Caribbean: Guatemala, Peru
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